25-OH D3 Effect on Muscle Development in Broilers

Avian Metapneumovirus

Avian metapneumovirus (AMPV) is a highly contagious upper respiratory disease that affects poultry worldwide. Historically, only subtype C was reported in the United States. However, the 2024 outbreak has seen subtypes A and B emerge in 9 states, impacting various poultry types. AMPV manifests with conjunctivitis, nasal exudate, and periorbital swelling, often leading to secondary infections. Although no US-approved vaccines exist, implementing proper biosecurity, management, and regular testing is crucial for controlling the virus.

Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza

Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) presents a worldwide challenge to the poultry industry due to its extensive spread and high death rates. The transformation of low-pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) viruses into HPAI forms has been an important aspect of their evolutionary history, greatly impacting avian populations worldwide (Lee, Criado, & Swayne, 2020). Particularly virulent strains of avian flu, such as H5N1, have been responsible for major bird epidemics (Charostad, 2023). The article discusses HPAI epidemiological status and evidence-based strategies for its prevention and control.

Mycotoxins as Predisposing Factors to Health Challenges

The negative impacts of mycotoxins in poultry can be far-reaching, decreasing gastrointestinal integrity, immunity and performance in broilers, thus resulting in economic losses. Given the high prevalence rates of contamination in poultry feed, a mycotoxin risk management strategy is needed to reduce the challenges in poultry production and ensure profitability. Poultry producers frequently ask: What is the real impact of mycotoxins on the bird’s productivity? What sounds like an easy question is, in the case of mycotoxins, unfortunately not so easy to answer. A key consideration to evaluate the impact of mycotoxins includes mycotoxins as potential predisposing factors to health challenges.